Roman-to-Kanji
This keyboard will transform your Roman characters into kana or kanji. WinCALIS 2.0 and
WinCALIS Author 2.0 support the two most common systems for transliterating Japanese in
Roman characters: 1) the Hepburn system; and 2) the "Kunrei" system. Some Japanese
word-processing systems allow many non-standard ways of entering Japanese in romanized form
(e.g., "ca" for "ka," "jya" for "ja/zya," etc.). Refer to the kana chart to see how each character may
be accessed in WinCALIS. Keep in mind also the following peculiarities.
Typing Object Markers
Typing Tiny Characters
Typing "ん"
Typing vowel extensions
Typing in Katakana
Typing Numbers
When in the Roman-to-Kanji keyboard, this is the process for entering text:
1) When you type hiragana, the letters will appear blue (active buffer). If you want the words to remain in hiragana, simply press Enter.
2) If you want to convert the words into kanji, press the spacebar, while the characters are still blue. Kanji will replace the words in blue and the sentence will appear red (active buffer). If all conversions are correct, press Enter (Note: The maximum length of a phrase to be converted is 32 characters. When you type the 32nd character, the phrase will automatically be converted).
3) If any conversions are incorrect, do the following while the characters are still red. The reverse
video block is your bunsetsu. Simply move the bunsetsu over the inappropriate conversion and
press the Spacebar. The homophone list will appear on the screen. Move the arrows to the desired
kanji, then press Enter. The selected kanji will appear in the phrase in reverse video. If this is
correct, press Enter again.
Note: THE HOMOPHONE LIST
When you choose a kanji off the homophone list, the program will "remember" that one and
present it next time the same kana are entered. The kanji most frequently used will be given priority
over the other homophones (this does not rearrange the homophone list, which is constant. Here,
a separate user history file is being created and constantly updated).
4) WinCALIS divides your sentence into bunsetsu blocks as its dictionary sees fit, but you may change these blocks. First, convert back to hiragana by choosing it from the list (if you try to change the bunsetsu while there is still Kanji within the active buffer, you will get a pop up message reminding you to convert). Use the shifted left arrow to mark the first bunsetsu. At this point, you may convert that block by pressing the spacebar, or use the arrow keys to "jump" from block to block. To continue to change bunsetsu blocking, move to the block that you would like to adjust, and use the shifted right and left arrow keys to shrink or expand it.
5) The user may find it helpful to clear the buffer (press Enter) early and often while working in the Roman-to-Kanji keyboard so the bunsetsu stay manageable. This will be convenient both for maintaining kana, and in locating the desired kanji. It is especially helpful when typing honorific prefixes: first type the prefix "お" or "ご", then press Enter to clear the active conversion buffer, then type the rest of the noun phrase and convert it. If the homophone list does not display the character you want, try changing the blocking of the bunsetsu. With use, you will become more familiar with how the transliteration process occurs within WinCALIS.
Look at the following passage, and notice the bunsetsu blocks -- the bars indicate the points where conversions may be most efficiently placed (where the spacebar should be pressed):
「ユーザーフレンドリ」|と|呼ばれる| りゆうは、ごく |普通の|人がごく| 関単に |使用 |方法を|マスター|でき、| 毎日の|タイプ | の |仕事にすぐ | 役立てることができることからきている。|
This passage includes hiragana, katakana, kanji, and punctuation, so it is a nice exercise routine for typing Japanese. Notice how each bunsetsu is entered:
よばれる - 呼ばれる りゅうは、ごく - 理由は、ごく ふつうの - 普通の ひとがごく - 人がごく かんたんに - 簡単に しよう - 使用 ほうほうを - 方法を まいにちの - 毎日の しごとにすぐ - 仕事にすぐ やくだてることができることからきている。- 役立てることができることからきている。
Roman-to-Kana Only
This keyboard lets you type in kana characters without going through the buffer, so you need not
press Enter for each bunsetsu (refer to the kana chart to see how it accepts transliteration). It will
automatically change Roman characters into hiragana; katakana may be accessed by pressing Shift
or CapsLock.
JIS Kana Keyboards
These keyboards transform the QWERTY keyboard into one that directly enters kana
characters, according to the Japanese Industrial Standard. For a display of the corresponding
keyboard, click on Help, and choose Keyboard Help.
Kanji by shape (Soketsu)
Kanji characters are composed of "root" shapes. Instead of retrieving a character by its
pronunciation, this keyboard allows the user to locate a character by its looks; by elements of its
root structure. This is especially helpful in situations where you know what the character looks like,
but not how it is pronounced. The root structures are accessed by choosing the Kanji-by-shape
(Soketsu) keyboard, and clicking on the piano-keyboard-style buttons. Notice that the database
requires you to preface any duplicate characters with the "X" key, 重複。
Preparing Students for the Mechanics of the Lesson
Typing in Two Languages
"Cloze Exercise" Hints
ABC and ABC
Punctuation in Japanese
To produce a: - (dash) .(bold period) ・(bullet) |
type this: ~ ^ / |
"Wild Card" Hints
KANA KODE KEY (or: how to enter kana characters while retaining sanity)
In order to get a kana character, you must type in one set of Roman letter(s) listed underneath it.
The first line of romaji is the Kunrei system. Where applicable, the second line is the Hepburn
system, and the third is nonstandard. As an example of usage of this chart: in order for a づ to
appear, you input "d-u" or "d-z-u".
あ い う え お
a i u e o
ぁ ぃ ぅ ぇ ぉ
xa xi xu xe xo
la li lu le lo
か き く け こ きゃ きゅ きょ
ka ki ku ke ko kya kyu kyo
co
さ し す せ そ しゃ しゅ しぇ しょ
sa si su se so sya syu syo
shi ce sha shu she sho
ci
た ち つ て と ちゃ ちゅ ちぇ ちょ
ta ti tu te to tya tyu tyo
chi tsu cha chu che cho
な に ぬ ね の にゃ にゅ にょ
na ni nu ne no nya nyu nyo
は ひ ふ へ ほ ひゃ ひゅ ひょ
ha hi hu he ho hya hyu hyo
fu
ふぁ ふぃ ふぇ ふぉ
fa fi fe fo
ま み む め も みゃ みゅ みょ
ma mi mu me mo mya myu myo
や (い) ゆ (え) よ ゃ ゅ ょ
ya yu yo xya xyu xyo
lya lyu lyo
ら り る れ ろ りゃ りゅ りょ
ra ri ru re ro rya ryu ryo
わ ゐ (う) ゑ を ゎ ヰ ヱ
wa wi we wo Wa WI WE
ん ゔ っ tinyカ tinyケ
nn vu xtu XKA XKE
n' ltu LKA LKE
xtsu
ltsu
が ぎ ぐ げ ご ぎゃ ぎゅ ぎょ
ga gi gu ge go gya gyu gyo
ぐゎ ぐぇ
gwa gwe
ざ じ ず ぜ ぞ じゃ じゅ じぇ じょ
za zi zu ze zo zya zyu zye zyo
ji ja ju je jo
だ ぢ づ で ど ぢゃ ぢぃ ぢゅ ぢぇ ぢぉ
da di du de do dya dyi dyu dye dyo
dzu
ば び ぶ べ ぼ びゃ びゅ びょ
ba bi bu be bo bya byu byo
ぱ ぴ ぷ ぺ ぽ ぴゃ ぴゅ ぴょ
pa pi pu pe po pya pyu pyo
ワ ウィ ウ ウェ ウォ ヴァ ヴィ ヴ ヴェ ヴォ
wa uxi u uxe uxo VA VI VU VE VO
uli ule ulo
Rev. SLS 8-10-94